Agriculture contributes to about 15% of GDP and is a primary livelihood source for more than 50% of Indian population. Indian agriculture has several credits to it such as the following.
- World’s largest producer of spices, pulses, milk, tea, cashew, jute, bananas, jackfruits, etc.
- Second largest producer of wheat, rice, fruits and vegetables, sugarcane, cotton and oilseeds
- Fourth largest producer of agrochemicals
- Largest livestock population of around 535.8 million (31%) of world’s livestock
- Largest land area under irrigation
- Top five net exporters in the world
There is immense potential for export of commodities of Agriculture and its allied activities. Institutions like The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), The Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA), Commodity boards like Coffee Board, Rubber Board, Spices Board, etc are mandated to promote the export of various Agriculture related commodities.
Plant Products
Floriculture
Floriculture in India, is being viewed as a high growth Industry. Commercial floriculture is becoming important from the export angle.Floriculture products mainly consist of cut flowers, pot plants, cut foilage, seeds bulbs, tubers, rooted cuttings and dried flowers or leaves.
The important floricultural crops in the international cut flower trade are rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, gerbera, gladiolus, gypsophila, liastris, nerine, orchids, archilea, anthurium, tulip, and lilies. Floriculture crops like gerberas, carnation, etc. are grown in green houses. The open field crops are chrysanthemum, roses, gaillardia, lily marygold, aster, tuberose etc.
Fruits and vegetable seeds
Fruits and Vegetable Seed in India is being viewed as a high growth Industry. The major seeds which are grown in India for export are as follows.
| Sugar Beet Seeds | Pomegranate Seeds |
| Beet Seeds | Tomato Seeds |
| Clover Seeds | Tamarind Seeds |
| Rye Grass Seeds | Vegetables Seeds |
| Timothey Grass Seeds | Fruit Seeds |
| Cabme seeds | Seeds of Forage Plants |
| Cauliflower Seeds | Seeds of Herbaceus Plants |
| Onion Seeds | Kentucky Blue Grass Seeds |
| Pea Seeds | Other seeds |
| Radish Seeds |
Fresh fruits and vegetables
India grows the largest number of vegetables and fruits from temperate to humid tropics and from sea-level to snowline.
Vegetables with export potential include the following.
- Onion
- Potato (Kufri Sindhuri, Kufri Chandramukhi, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Bahar)
- Tomato (Vaishali, Rupali, Rashmi, Rajni, Pusa Ruby)
- Cauliflower (Pusa Deepali, Early Kunwari, Punjab Giant-26, Pant Shubhra, Dania Kalimpong)
- Cabbage (Golden Acre, Pusa Mukta, Pusa Drumhead, K-1)
- Peas (Asauji, Lucknow Boniya, Alaska, Bonneville, T-19)
- Okra (Pusa Makhmali, Punjab Padmini, Pusa Sawani, Parbhani Kranti, Arka Anamika)
- Walnut. The Indian walnuts are categorized into 4 categories viz., paper-shelled, thin-shelled, medium-shelled and hard-shelled.
Fruits with export potential include the following.
- Mangoes (Langra, Chausa, Fazli, Krishna Bhog, Himsagar, Neelam, Baneshan, Badami)
- Grapes (Anab-e-shahi, Cheema sahebi, kishmish chorni, perlette, Arkavati)
- Apple (McIntosh, Chaubattia Anupam, Lal Ambri, Golden Delicious)
- Banana Fresh (Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Rasthali, Poovan)
- Guava (L-49, Allahabad Safeda, Banarasi, Chittidar, Harijha)
- Papaya (Coorg Honey Dew, Pusa Dwarf, Pusa Giant, Pusa Majesty)
- Sapopta (Kalipatti, Pilipatti, Pala, Guthi)
- Lichi (Shahi, Swarna Roopa, China, Kasba, Elachi, Purbi).
Processed Fruits and Vegetables
India is the major producer of Dried & Preserved Vegetable like Preserved Onions, Cucumber & Gherkins, provisionally preserved, Mushrooms of the genus Agaricus.
Dried and preserved vegetable with the export potential include the following.
- Other mushrooms and truffles
- Green Pepper in Brine
- Dried Truffles, Asparagus Dried
- Dehydrated Garlic Powder
- Dehydrated Garlic Flakes
- Garlic Dried, Potatoes Dried
- Grams- Dal
- Onion Prepared/Preserved etc.
The major varieties under Dried and Preserved Vegetables products includes the following.
- Mushroom(Button Mushroom, Oyster Mushroom, Paddy straw mushroom and milky mushroom)
- Garlic (Agrifound White (G-41)
- Yamuna Safed (G-1)
- Yamuna Safed 2 (G-50), Yamuna Safed 3 (G-282)
- Agrifound Parvati (G-313)
- Yamuna Safed 4 (G 323).
Main varieties of Mango Pulp includes the following.
- Alphonso Mango Pulp
- Totapuri Mango Pulp
- Kesar Mango Pulp.
Processed Fruits and Vegetables with Export Potentials includes the following.
| Apple Juice | Beans Shelled |
| Chips Fried | Dried Apricots |
| Uncooked or Cooked | Grapefruit Juice |
| Jam Jellies of Other Fruits | Juice Lemon |
| Pineapple Juice | Tomato Juice Asparagus preserved |
| Cherries | Dried Apples |
| Fruit & Nuts | Grape Juice |
| Jellies of Apple | Olives |
The major varieties under Pulses includes the following.
- Chickpeas (gram)
- Pigeon pea (tur or arhar)
- Moong beans
- Urad (black matpe)
- Masur (lentil)
- Peas and various kinds of beans.
Other Processed Foods
The processed Food products is emerging as an high growth Industry. The major Processed foods include Groundnut,Jaggery, cocoa, etc
The varieties of Groundnut with the Export Potentials includes the following.
- Kadiri-2
- Kadiri-3,
- BG-1,
- BG-2
- Kuber
- GAUG-1
- GAUG-10
- PG-1
- T-28
- T-64
- Chandra
- Chitra
- Kaushal
- Parkash Amber
The Jaggery and Confectionary with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Cane Jaggery |
| Palmyra Jaggery |
| Raw Cane Jaggery |
| Sugar Confectionery |
| Chocolates |
| Chewing gum |
The varieties of Cocoa with the Export Potentials includes the following
- Cocoa Beans
- Cocoa powder of coating sugar
- Cocoa shells husks skins
- Cocoa butter fat & oil.
The Cereal Products with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Bakers Wares Biscuits Corn Flakes Couscous Crisp Bread Ginger Bread Malted Milk Food Other Bakery products Other Pasta Papads Cooked and Uncooked Paste |
The Milled Products with the Export Potentials includes the following.
- Wheat/Meslin Flour
- Rye Flour
- Maize (corn) Flour
- Rice Flour
- Cereal Flour
- Wheat (Meslin, Rye, Maize, Rice)
- Groats of Wheat
- Meal of Wheat
- Pellets of wheat
Alcoholic Beverages with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Wine | White Wine |
| Other Wine Included Grapes | Brandy |
| Whiskies | Rum |
| Gin and other Gin | Pepsi |
| Coke | Soft Drinks |
| Mineral Water |
The Miscellaneous Products with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Dried Soups & broths & preparations Soft Drink Concentrates Ice cream & other edible ice Sauces & ketchup Pan Masala Betel Nuts Mineral waters Malt Custard powder Lemonade |
Cereals
India grows largest number of cereals and from temperate to tropics and from sealevel to snowline.
Basmati Rice with the Export Potentials include the following.
- Basmati 386
- Basmati 217
- Ranbir Basmati
- Karnal Local/ Taraori Basmati
- Basmati 370
- Type-3 (Dehradooni Basmati)
- Pusa Basmati-1
- Pusa Basmati 1121
- Punjab Basmati-1
- Haryana Basmati- 1
- Kasturi
- Mahi Sugandha.
Non – Basmati Rice with the Export Potentials include the following.
- Ashoka
- Crystal
- Delight Rice
- Swastic Rice
- Pear Rice
- Honey Rice
- Broken Rice
Wheat with the Export Potentials include the following.
- Rye – Seeds
- Barley – Seeds
- Oats – Seeds
- Maize Seed
- Other Maize
- Grain Sorghum
- Jowar
- Buck Wheat
- Bajra
- Ragi
- Canaryseed
Animal Products
India is having largest livestock population including Buffalo, Sheep & Goats, Pigs and Poultry, which are generally used for production of meat products. India has about 3600 slaughter houses, there are live modern abattoirs and one integrated abattoir meat processing plant for slaughtering buffaloes for exports and domestic consumption.
The Buffalo meat with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Carcasses Of Bovine Animals (Fresh) |
| Meat Of Bovine Animals With Bone (Fresh) |
| Boneless Meat Of Bovine Animals (Fresh) |
| Carcasses Of Bovine Animals (Frozen) |
| Meat Of Bovine Animals With Bone (Frozen) |
| Boneless Meat Of Bovine Animals (Frozen) |
The Sheep-Goat meat with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Carcasses Of Lamb (Fresh) |
| Meat Of Sheep With Bone (Fresh) |
| Boneless Meat Of Sheep (Fresh) |
| Carcasses Of Lamb (Frozen) |
| Carcasses Of Sheep (Frozen) |
| Meat Of Sheep With Bone (Frozen) |
| Boneless Meat Of Sheep (Frozen) |
| Meat Of Goats |
The Other meat with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Carcasses, Hams, Shoulders & Cuts Thereof Of Swine/pig (Fresh & Frozen) Meat Of Swine/pig With Bone and Boneless (Fresh & Frozen) Meat Of Horses, Asses (Fresh & Frozen) Meat And Edible Meat Of Rabbits Or Hares (Fresh & Frozen) Meat And Edible Meat Of Primates (Fresh & Frozen) Meat Edible Of Camels And Other Camelids (Fresh & Frozen)Carcasses, Hams, Shoulders & Cuts Thereof Of Swine/pig (Fresh & Frozen)Meat Of Swine/pig With Bone and Boneless (Fresh & Frozen)Meat Of Horses, Asses (Fresh & Frozen)Meat And Edible Meat Of Rabbits Or Hares (Fresh & Frozen)Meat And Edible Meat Of Primates (Fresh & Frozen)Meat Edible Of Camels And Other Camelids (Fresh & Frozen) |
The Processed meat with Export Potentials includes the following.
| Sausages & Canned Meat |
| Homogenized Meat Preparations |
| Preserved Meats |
| Other Poultry Meat |
| Preserved Meat Of Bovine Animals |
| Meat Extracts & Meat Juices |
The Animal Casings with Export Potentials includes the following.
- Cattle Casings
- Sheep Casings
- Guts for Animal Casings
- Casings of Other animals
- Bladders and stomach of animals
The Poultry Products with the Export Potentials includes the following.
- Live Poultry <=85 Gram
- Other Live Poultry <=185 Gram
- Live Poultry > 185 Gram
- Other Live Poultry >185 Gram
- Edible Poultry Meat (Fresh)
- Edible Poultry Meat (Frozen)
- Other Poultry Meat Not Cut In Pieces
- Cuts & Offals Excluding Livers
- Eggs In Shell
- Other Eggs
- Egg Yolks Dried
- Other Egg Yolks
- Eggs Not In Shell (Dried/Cooked)
- Eggs Not In Shell (Frozen/Preserved)
The Dairy Products with Export Potentials includes the following.
| Butter Fresh | Butter MilK |
| Butter Oil | Fresh Cheese |
| Milk & Cream in Powder | Milk for Babies |
| Other Fat | Skimmed milk powder |
| Other milk power | Whole Milk |
| Ghee |
The varieties of Natural Honey with the Export Potentials includes the following.
- Rapeseed / Mustard Honey
- Eucalyptus Honey
- Lychee Honey
- Sunflower Honey
- Karanj / Pongamea Honey
- Multi-flora Himalayan Honey
- Acacia Honey
- Wild Flora Honey
- Multi and Mono floral Honey
The varieties of Natural Honey with the Export Potentials includes the following.
| Casein , Casein Derivatives, Casein GluesCaseinate other Casein Drvts And casein Glues |
The Albumins with the Export Potentials includes the following.
- Egg albumin
- Milk albumin
Source : APEDA